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Orthoptera Species File
Species

Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758)

Bladder grasshopper
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): male, lateral view. (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): male, lateral view. (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): female, lateral view. (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 11, 1. male habitus (body length 35-45 mm, pronotum 15-21 mm). (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 11, 2. female habitus (body length 38-44, pronotum 22-24 mm). (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 11: 3, 4. faces of male (left) and female (right). (Otu).
Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 8.7. abdominal stridulatory ridges (semi-schematic). (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 34. male. (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 34. female. (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 34. male face. (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): Fig. 34. female face. (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): male, lateral view. (Otu).
Bullacris vansoni (Dirsh, 1963) now Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758): female, lateral view. (Otu).
CollectionObject 2045665; 7b2ca005-c53d-4d32-b1e9-3905e6a34f9e, NHMUK015982310: male, dorsal view (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).
CollectionObject 2045665; 7b2ca005-c53d-4d32-b1e9-3905e6a34f9e, NHMUK015982310: male, lateral view (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).
CollectionObject 2045665; 7b2ca005-c53d-4d32-b1e9-3905e6a34f9e, NHMUK015982310: labels (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).
CollectionObject 2046885; a81b604c-e539-42a4-bc62-7cbf31bc0bda, NHMUK015982313: female, dorsal view (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).
CollectionObject 2046885; a81b604c-e539-42a4-bc62-7cbf31bc0bda, NHMUK015982313: female, lateral view (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).
CollectionObject 2046885; a81b604c-e539-42a4-bc62-7cbf31bc0bda, NHMUK015982313: labels (paratype of Parabullacris vansoni). (CollectionObject).

Nomenclature (55)

  • Gryllus (Bulla) unicolor Linnaeus, 1758: 427.

    Syntype; male; 83078253-0c21-4fc0-8d14-e42aceb5a62a; deposited at: Uppsala University (UZIU); "In Indiis"

  • Gryllus (Bulla) unicolor Linnaeus, 1758 in Linnaeus, 1764: 119.
  • Parabullacris vansoni Dirsh, 1963 (subjective synonym of Gryllus (Bulla) unicolor Linnaeus, 1758) in Laubscher, Engelbrecht & Couldridge, 2025: 582, 585.
  • Bullacris unicolor (Linnaeus, 1758) in Laubscher, Engelbrecht & Couldridge, 2025: 578, 580.

References (30)

  • Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae per Regna tria naturae (10th ed.). Holmiae, Vol. 1, 824 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10277#page/3/mode/1up
  • Linnaeus, C. (1764) Insecta exotica. Museum S.R.M. Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae, etc., 1–151. Available at http://www.animalbase.uni-goettingen.de/zooweb/servlet/AnimalBase/home/reference?id=1197
  • Linnaeus, C. (1767) Caroli a Linné Systema Naturae: Vol. 1, pt. 2. 1327 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/137240#page/5/mode/1up
  • Thunberg, C.P. (1775) Pneumora, et nytt genus ibland insecterne uptackt och beskrifvit. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 36, 254–260. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/178913#page/287/mode/1up
  • Gmelin, J.F. (1790) Caroli a Linné Systema Naturae. Vol. 1, Issue 4, 1517–2224 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/10288#page/1/mode/1up
  • Thunberg, C.P. (1810) Nya arter af Pneumorae slagtet. Kongliga Svenska Vetenskaps-Akademiens Handlingar, 31, 54–65. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/180986#page/60/mode/1up
  • Stoll, C. (1813) Représentation exactement colorée d'après nature des spectres ou phasmes, des mantes, des sauterelles, des grillons, des criquets et des blattes. J. Sepp, Amsterdam. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/281654#page/7/mode/1up
  • de Lamarck, J.B.P.A.de M. (1835) Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres, 4(2nd Ed.), 787 pp. Available at http://books.google.com/books?id=i8oQAAAAIAAJ&hl=de
  • Burmeister, H.C.C. (1838) Kaukerfe, Gymnognatha (Erste Hälfte: Vulgo Orthoptera). In Handbuch der Entomologie. Theodor Christian Friedrich Enslin, Berlin. Vol. 2, Issue I-VIII, 397–756 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/25467340#page/13/mode/1up
  • Walker, F. (1870) Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum. London, Vol. 4, 605–809 pp. Available at http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofspeci04britrich
  • Lewis, R.T. (1891) On the stridulating organs of Cystocoelia immaculata. J. Quek. Club, (2)4, 243–245.
  • Louis Péringuey, L. (1916) Descriptions of new or little-known Orthoptera in the collection of the South African Museum. Annals of the South African Museum, 15(6), 401–452, pl. 42. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/1552258
  • Rehn, J.A.G. (1941) On new and previously known species of Pneumoridae (Orthoptera, Acridoidea). Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 67, 137–159. Available at http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=chla5077659_4277_002#page/3/mode/1up
  • Roberts, H.R. (1941) Nomenclature in the Orthoptera concerning genotype designations. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 67, 1–34. Available at http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=chla5077659_4277_001#page/3/mode/1up
  • Kevan, D.K.M.E. (1954) Orthoptera-Caelifera (other than Acrididae) from northern Kenya and Jubaland. Opuscula Entomologica. Edidit Societas Entomologica Lundensis, 19, 44–54.
  • Johnston, H.B. (1956) Annotated Catalogue of African Grasshoppers. The Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 833 pp.
  • Dirsh, V.M. (1963) Three new genera and species of the family Pneumoridae (Orth. Acridoidea). Eos, Revista española de Entomología, 39, 177–184. Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10261/158156
  • Ragge, D.R. (1963) The nymphal wing-pad tracheation and adult axillary sclerites of the Pneumoridae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea). Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6, 185–191.
  • Dirsh, V.M. (1965) The African Genera of Acridoidea. Cambridge University Press, Antilocust Centre, London, 579 pp.
  • Dirsh, V.M. (1965) Revision of the family Pneumoridae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, 15(10), 325–396. Available at http://www.archive.org/details/bulletinofbritis15entoond
  • Johnston, H.B. (1968) Annotated catalogue of African grasshoppers: Vol. Suppl. The Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 445 pp.
  • Dirsh, V.M. (1975) Classification of the Acridomorphoid Insects. E. W. Classey Ltd., Farringdon, Oxon, 1–171 pp.
  • Marshall, J.A. (1983) The orthopteroid insects described by Linnaeus, with notes on the Linnaean collection. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 78(4), 375–396.
  • Otte, D. (1994) Orthoptera Species File 2. Grasshoppers [Acridomorpha] A Eumastacoidea Trigonopterygoidea Pneumoroidea. The Orthopterists' Society and The Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, 162 pp.
  • Couldridge, V.C.K. & Van Staaden, M.J. (2004) Habitat-dependent transmission of male advertisement calls in bladder grasshoppers (Orthoptera; Pneumoridae). Journal of Experimental Biology, 207, 2777–2786. Available at http://caspar.bgsu.edu/~mooi/Home/Publications.html
  • Couldridge, V.C.K. & Gordon, M.L. (2015) Diel variation in signalling and signal transmission in the bladder grasshopper, Bullacris unicolor (Orthoptera; Pneumoridae). Behaviour, 152(12-13), 1706–1723.
  • Sathyan, R., Engelbrecht, A. & Couldridge, V.C.K. (2017) Morphological, acoustic and genetic divergence in the bladder grasshopper Bullacris unicolor. Ethology Ecology & Evolution, 29(6), 552–573.
  • Sathyan, R. & Couldridge, V.C.K. (2020) The effect of anthropogenic noise and weather conditions on male calls in the bladder grasshopper Bullacris unicolor. Bioacoustics, 30(1), 110–123.
  • Gordon, M.L., Colville, J.F., Engelbrecht, A. & Couldridge, V.C.K. (2024) Ancient grasshoppers: A revision of the genus Bullacris (Orthoptera: Pneumoridae). Zootaxa, 5474(4), 301–354. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5474.4.1
  • Laubscher, M., Engelbrecht, A. & Couldridge, V.C.K. (2025) Male polymorphism in bladder grasshoppers: a genetic analysis. Ethology Ecology & Evolution, 37(4), 573–587. https://doi.org/10.1080/03949370.2025.2511629

Descendants and synonyms

Gender, form, and etymology

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Summary of taxonomic names by rank, showing valid extant names, fossil names, invalid names, and total counts.
TaxonValid names
RankExtantFossilInvalidTotal
Species101415