species

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859: Image Carbonell, C.S. female, dorsal view (Sphenarium ictericum, possibly paralectotype). (Otu).

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859: female. (Otu).

CollectionObject 1501068; 4901d16b-6644-4bd0-becf-7b3a1f3fe4d2: Image Carbonell, C.S. male, lateral view (lectotype of Sphenarium ictericum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1501068; 4901d16b-6644-4bd0-becf-7b3a1f3fe4d2: Image Carbonell, C.S. male, dorsal view (lectotype of Sphenarium ictericum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1506182; 555a9ddc-3971-4851-9ef8-5f43a3a7caa9: female, lateral view (lectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1506182; 555a9ddc-3971-4851-9ef8-5f43a3a7caa9: female, dorsal view (lectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1506182; 555a9ddc-3971-4851-9ef8-5f43a3a7caa9: female, labels (lectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1518526; f08c9ef6-249b-4d15-907b-792f81fbe9d0: male, lateral view (holotype of Sphenarium crassipes). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1518526; f08c9ef6-249b-4d15-907b-792f81fbe9d0: male, dorsal view (holotype of Sphenarium crassipes). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1518526; f08c9ef6-249b-4d15-907b-792f81fbe9d0: male, labels (holotype of Sphenarium crassipes). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523787; a455a5bd-a821-44b1-8fff-cb1564c0b567: male, lateral view (lectotype of Sphenarium bolivari). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523787; a455a5bd-a821-44b1-8fff-cb1564c0b567: male, dorsal view (lectotype of Sphenarium bolivari). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523787; a455a5bd-a821-44b1-8fff-cb1564c0b567: male, labels (lectoytpe of Sphenarium bolivari). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523788; ce7dc76f-d8b2-4d40-8a7e-4becae1b9926: male, lateral view (lectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523788; ce7dc76f-d8b2-4d40-8a7e-4becae1b9926: male, dorsal view (lectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1523788; ce7dc76f-d8b2-4d40-8a7e-4becae1b9926: male, labels (lectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1568978; c397c97c-262a-4717-ac31-afd84b41bdd9: female, lateral view (paratype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1568978; c397c97c-262a-4717-ac31-afd84b41bdd9: female, dorsal view (paratype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1568978; c397c97c-262a-4717-ac31-afd84b41bdd9: female, labels (paratype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1571106; e706c6ae-6977-4b1f-9fb1-c5bf555213d9: male, lateral view (paralectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1571106; e706c6ae-6977-4b1f-9fb1-c5bf555213d9: male, dorsal view (paralectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1571106; e706c6ae-6977-4b1f-9fb1-c5bf555213d9: male, labels (paralectotype of Sphenarium marginatum). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1583248; bedbbf51-a5cb-4341-a4c7-b1339cae56f9: male, lateral view (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1583248; bedbbf51-a5cb-4341-a4c7-b1339cae56f9: male, dorsal view (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1583248; bedbbf51-a5cb-4341-a4c7-b1339cae56f9: male, labels (paralectotype). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585918; 36866b52-a217-4cb0-9ab0-a09b73faecdf: male, lateral and dorsal view (morphotype 1). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585918; 36866b52-a217-4cb0-9ab0-a09b73faecdf: male phallic complex (morphotype 1): a) epiphallus and ectophallus in dorsal view (I and II, respectively), and endophallus in lateral view (III); b) ectophallus in posterior view; and c) close up of ectophallus in lateral view. Diagnostic characters are denoted by arrows. (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585919; 5b09cb97-9f74-43c1-8f34-e0740bbbf169: female, lateral and dorsal view (morphotype 1). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585920; ece192c4-3dfa-43ea-8f83-7deb76ddc544: male, lateral and dorsal view (morphotype 2). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585920; ece192c4-3dfa-43ea-8f83-7deb76ddc544: female, lateral and dorsal (view (morphotype 2). (CollectionObject).

CollectionObject 1585920; ece192c4-3dfa-43ea-8f83-7deb76ddc544: male phallic complex (morphotype 2): a) epiphallus and ectophallus in dorsal view (I and II, respectively), and endophallus in lateral view (III); b) ectophallus in posterior view; and c) close up of ectophallus in lateral view. Diagnostic characters are denoted by arrows. (CollectionObject).

Type specimen

Lectotype; female; 555a9ddc-3971-4851-9ef8-5f43a3a7caa9; deposited at: Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneva, Switzerland (MHNG); Mexico

Nomenclature (48)

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859: 390.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Walker, 1870: 789.
... Show all ... (44)

Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870: 507.
Holotype; male; f08c9ef6-249b-4d15-907b-792f81fbe9d0; deposited at: Natural History Museum, London (NHMUK); Mexico
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Thomas, 1873: 200.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873: 196.
Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870 in Thomas, 1873: 196.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Bolívar, 1884: 444.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Bolívar, 1884: 445.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Karsch, 1888: 343.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 in Rehn, 1900: 96.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Bolívar, 1904: 307.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Bruner, 1906: 207.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906: 203.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906: 204.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Bolívar, 1909: 10.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906 in Bolívar, 1909: 10.
Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870 in Kirby, 1910: 303.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906 in Rehn & Hebard, 1912: 117.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906 in Rehn & Hebard, 1912: 117.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Hebard, 1932: 265.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium histrio Gerstaecker, 1884) in Hebard, 1932: 266.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 (synonym of Sphenarium histrio Gerstaecker, 1884) in Hebard, 1932: 265.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Hebard, 1932: 265.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Dirsh, 1956: 273.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Márquez Mayaudón, 1962: 250.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Banerjee & Kevan, 1962: 416, 419, 423, 430.
Sphenarium magnum Márquez Mayaudón, 1962: 252.
Holotype; male; d907a978-e14f-419b-8ec5-bf445708437b; deposited at: Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM); Mexico
Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1974: 268.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1974: 268.
Sphenarium mexicanum mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Kevan, Akbar & Chang, 1974: 268.
Sphenarium mexicanum mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Descamps, 1975: 48.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Kevan, 1977: 420.
Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, 1977: 421.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, 1977: 421.
Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, 1977: 421.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Kevan, 1977: 421.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Kevan, 1978: 8, 9, 10, 11, 17.
Sphenarium mexicanum mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Fontana, Buzzetti & Mariño-Pérez, 2008: 128.
Sphenarium mexicanum mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Hollier, 2013: 212.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez, Serrano-Meneses & Cueva del Castillo, 2015
Sphenarium magnum Márquez Mayaudón, 1962 in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez, Serrano-Meneses & Cueva del Castillo, 2015
Sphenarium mexicanum mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Pedraza-Lara, Barrientos-Lozano, Rocha-Sánchez & Zaldívar-Riverón, 2015
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Fontana, Buzzetti, Mariño-Pérez, Castellanos-Vargas, Monge-Rodríguez & Cano-Santana, 2017: 104.
Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859 in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez & Cueva del Castillo, 2017: 47.
Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez & Cueva del Castillo, 2017: 47.
Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez & Cueva del Castillo, 2017: 47.

Sphenarium magnum Márquez Mayaudón, 1962 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez & Cueva del Castillo, 2017: 47, 50.
Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906 (synonym of Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859) in Sanabria-Urbán, Song, Oyama, González-Rodríguez & Cueva del Castillo, 2017: 47.

Nomenclature references (27)

Banerjee, S.K. & Kevan, D.K.M.E. (1962) Notes on the morphology of Atractomorpha Saussure, 1862. Eos, Revista española de Entomología, 38(3), 415–433. Available at http://digital.csic.es/handle/10261/157922
Bolívar, I. (1884) Monografía de los pirgomorfinos. Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 13, 1–73, 418–500. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/54702#page/9/mode/1up
... Show all ... (23)

Bolívar, I. (1904) Notas sobre los pirgomórfidos (Pyrgomorphidae). II. Sphenariinae, III. Tapesinae. Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 4, 306–328. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/28617#page/330/mode/1up

Bolívar, I. (1909) Orthoptera Fam. Acrididae. Subfam. Pyrgomorphinae. In Genera Insectorum. P. Wytsman [Ed.]. V. Verteneuil & L. Desmet, Bruxelles. Vol. 90, 1–58 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/138363#page/7/mode/1up

Bruner, L. (1906) Orthoptera. The Acrididae. Biologia Centrali-Americana, 2, 177–208. Available at http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/bca/navigation/bca_20_02_00/bca_20_02_00select.cfm

Descamps, M. (1975) Étude du peuplement acridien de l'état de Veracruz (Mexique). Folia Entomologica Mexicana, 31-32, 3–98.

Dirsh, V.M. (1956) The phallic complex in Acridoidea (Orthoptera) in relation to taxonomy. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 108(7), 223–356.

Fontana, P., Buzzetti, F.M. & Mariño-Pérez, R. (2008) In Chapulines, Langostas, Grillos y Esperanzas de México. Guía fotográfica - Grasshoppers, Locusts, Crickets & Katydids of Mexico. Photographic guide. World Biodiversity Association, Verona, Italy. 1–272 pp. Available at http://biodiversityassociation.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/Grasshoppers-Locusts-Crickets-Katydids-Of-Mexico.pdf

Fontana, P., Buzzetti, F.M., Mariño-Pérez, R., Castellanos-Vargas, I., Monge-Rodríguez, S. & Cano-Santana, Z. (2017) In Ortópteros de Oaxaca. Orthopterans of Oaxaca. WBA Handbooks 8, Verona. 1–212 pp.

Gerstaecker, A. (1873) Acridiodea nonnulla nova insigniora. Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 34, 185–197. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/35937#page/190/mode/1up

Hebard, M. (1932) New species and records of Mexican Orthoptera. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 58(3), 201–371. Available at http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=chla5077659_4268_003#page/2/mode/1up

Hollier, J.A. (2013) An annotated list of the Orthoptera (Insecta) species described by Henri de Saussure, with an account of the primary type material housed in the Muséum d’histoire naturelle de Genève. Part 4: The Acridomorpha excluding the superfamily Acridoidea. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 120(2), 203–219. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/203304#page/33/mode/1up

Karsch, F.A.F. (1888) Beiträge zu Bolivar's Monografia de los Pirgomorfinos. Entomologische Nachrichten, 14(21), 328–335, 340–346, 355–361. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/42933

Kevan, D.K.M.E. (1977) Superfamily Acridoidea, fam. Pyrgomorphidae. In Orthopterorum Catalogus. Vol. 16, pp. 1–656.

Kevan, D.K.M.E. (1978) The American Pyrgomorphidae (Orthoptera). Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, 36(1-4), 3–28. [1977] Available at http://www.biotaxa.org/RSEA/article/view/41722

Kevan, D.K.M.E., Akbar, S.S. & Chang, Y.C. (1974) The concealed copulatory structures of the Pyrgomorphidae (Orth. Acridoidea). Part V. Tribes Schulthessiini, Taphronotini, Dictyophorini, Tagastini, Pseudomorphacridini, Atractomorphini, Spenariini and Omurini. Eos, Revista española de Entomología, 48, 203–294, pl. 1–7. [1972] Available at http://hdl.handle.net/10261/164750

Kirby, W.F. (1910) A Synonymic Catalogue of Orthoptera (Orthoptera Saltatoria, Locustidae vel Acridiidae). British Museum (Natural History), London, Vol. 3, Issue 2, 674 pp. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/29660

Márquez Mayaudón, C. (1962) Estudio de las especies del género Sphenarium basado en sus genitalia (Acrididae, Orthoptera) con la descripción de una especie nueva. Anales del Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Serie Zoologia, 33, 235–245.

Pedraza-Lara, C., Barrientos-Lozano, L., Rocha-Sánchez, A.Y. & Zaldívar-Riverón, A. (2015) Montane and coastal species diversification in the economically important Mexican grasshopper genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 84, 220–231. Available at http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055790315000020#

Rehn, J.A.G. & Hebard, M. (1912) Fixation of single type (lectotype) specimens of American Orthoptera. Section I. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 64(1), 60–128. Available at http://archive.org/details/proceedingsofaca64acad/page/60/mode/2up

Rehn, J.A.G. (1900) Notes on Mexican Orthoptera with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 27, 85–96. Available at http://reader.library.cornell.edu/docviewer/digital?id=chla5077659_4237_001#page/95/mode/1up

Sanabria-Urbán, S., Song, H., Oyama, K., González-Rodríguez, A. & Cueva del Castillo, R. (2017) Integrative taxonomy reveals cryptic diversity in neotropical grasshoppers: taxonomy, phylogenetics, and evolution of the genus Sphenarium Charpentier, 1842 (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). Zootaxa, 4274(1), 1–86.

Sanabria-Urbán, S., Song, H., Oyama, K., González-Rodríguez, A., Serrano-Meneses, M.A. & Cueva del Castillo, R. (2015) Body size adaptations to altitudinal climatic variation in neotropical grasshoppers of the genus Sphenarium (Orthoptera: Pyrgomorphidae). PLoS One, 10(12 e0145248). Available at http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0145248

Thomas, C. (1873) Part II: Acrididae of North America not found in the United States. In Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. Invertebrate Paleontology. Vol. 5, pp. 191–262. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18502#page/207/mode/1up

Walker, F. (1870) In Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum. London. Vol. 3, 425–604 pp. Available at http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofspeci03britrich

Walker, F. (1870) In Catalogue of the Specimens of Dermaptera Saltatoria in the Collection of the British Museum. London. Vol. 4, 605–809 pp. Available at http://www.archive.org/details/catalogueofspeci04britrich
de Saussure, H. (1859) Orthoptera Nova Americana (Diagnoses praeliminares). Revue et Magasin de Zoologie Pure et Appliquée, 2(11), 201–212, 315–317, 390–394. Available at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/48711#page/205/mode/1up

Asserted distribution

Collection object

Type material

Descendants and synonyms

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859
- =Sphenarium bolivari Bruner, 1906
- =Opomala [sic] crassipes Walker, 1870
- =Sphenarium ictericum Gerstaecker, 1873
- =Sphenarium magnum Márquez Mayaudón, 1962
- =Sphenarium marginatum Bruner, 1906

Life zone and ecology data

Terrestrial

Gender, form, and etymology

Adjectivemexicanus, mexicana, mexicanum

Etymology:

After distribution in Mexico.

Sphenarium mexicanum Saussure, 1859

Stats

	Names
Rank	Total	Valid	Invalid
species	7	1	6